The sensation of more than four centuries of dreams
Photographys
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Room ÑUFLO de CHAVES (1518 - 1568), founder of Santa Cruz de la Sierra(Bolivia) in 1560.
He was born in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Spain in 1518 and died in Charcas, Mexico in 1568. He was a Spanish Conqueror, related to Pizarro and Hinojosa. Chaves enlisted in Álvar Núñez's expedition, Cabeza de Vaca, that journeyed to the capital of Rio de la Plata in 1544. He was a faithful servant of the governor Domingo Martínez de Irala between 1545 and 1547. During this time he made two trips towards the north, and one year later travelled in search of Sierra de la Plata
In 1548, he came to Lima, and ten years later, organized an expedition that led him to the mountainous country of Serrania de Chiquitos, where in 1560, he founded Santa Cruz de la Sierra (the future Nueva Asuncion). He was the first European to introduce sheep and goats in the “Region de la Plata.” He was murdered by the Itatines Indians in 1568, victim of an ambush by the indigenous people of Charcas.
Room PEDRO de VALDIVIA(1497 - 1553), discoverer of Chile in 1540.
He was born in Castuera's villa, in the Serena of Extremadura, in 1497 . He descended from a noble family, many of his ancestors had a military career. His father was Pedro Oncas de Melo and his mother was Isabel Gutiérrez de Valdivia. He initiated his military career as soldier around 1520, serving the emperor Carlos V in Italy. He journeyed to America in 1535 in Jerónimo de Ortal's expedition and he went to Cubagua's island, where he took part in the conquest of Venezuela with his friend Juan Fernádez de Alderete. In 1538, he travelled on to Peru and enlisted in the forces of Francisco Pizarro. With eleven soldiers and a thousand Indians he headed toward Chili, which was considered a damned land. He died On December 25 in 1553, after three days of atrocious torture as a result of his capture by the Mapuche in Tucapel's battle.
Room HERNAN CORTES(1.485 - 1.547), discoverer of the Empire of Mexico in 1520
Born in Medellin (Badajoz), his parents were Martin Cortés and Catalina Pizarro, and he was related to a family in Trujillo (Caceres). It is said that at one time, he was a student in the University of Salamanca. He in loved adventures so much that he interrupted his studies. A little later he learned the notary's trade in Valladolid. At the age of 19 he embarked on a trip to the Indies, beginning in Santo Domingo. In 1511, he departed with Diego Velázquez to colonize Cuba, dedicating himself to raise cattle there and "to gather gold." He organized an expedition to Mexico and departed on February 11, 1519 with 10 ships, 100 sailors and 508 soldiers.
He settled on the coast of the gulf of Mexico, in the city of Rich Villa of the Veracruz.
During his management as Governor and General Captain of the New Spain, he stimulated the economy and missionary labor. With intention of returning to Mexico, he came to Castilleja de la Cuesta, near Seville, where he dictated his testament. On December 2, 1547 he died at the age of 62 years.
Room FRANCISCO DE ORELLANA (1511 - 1546), discovered the Amazon on February 12 of 1542. He was born in Trujillo (Caceres) around the year 1511. He is related to the brothers Pizarro and initiated his gait for American lands early. In 1527, he came across the Nicaraguan lands. In 1533, he went on to Peru and took part in the foundation of Old Port, where he lost an eye fighting against the Manabies Indians.
When Francisco de Orellana discovered the Amazon on February 12, 1542, he was 31 years of age and had lived in the Indies for 14 years. Because he wanted to link his existence with these territories, Orellana decided to learn the indigenous languages and devoted himself to his studies. He was one of the most brilliant examples of the Spanish history in the New World. His life was an example of heroism and honesty. Before he was thirty years old, Orellana had taken part in the settling of the Peru, and had founded the city of Guayaquil.
He died as a result of fevers in November, 1546 in the Amazonian jungle, on the river bank to which he had given himself. His tomb is a cross at the foot of a tree, in the grandest scene that can be conceived.
Room FRANCISCO PIZARRO (1.475 - 1.541), conqueror of the Peru in 1.533
He was born in Trujillo, Caceres, Spain, in 1475 and died in Lima in 1541. In 1498 he began taking part in the military actions of Spain in Italy, fighting under the order of Gonzalo Fernandez de Córdoba, more known as The Great Captain. In 1510, he took part in Alonso de Ojeda's expedition that explored Central America and Colombia.
In 1513, with Vasco Núñez de Balboa who was involved in the discovery of the Mar del Sur (Pacific Ocean).
From 1519 to 1523, he was an agent and mayor of the city of Panama.
In 1531 he came to Peru.
On January 18, 1535, he founded the City of the Kings, soon to be known as Lima and Trujillo, with this, began the effective settling of the conquered territories. He was a man of strong character and devoted little time to sedentary activity. On Sunday the 26th of June, 1541 the almagristas appeared in the Plaza de Armas of Lima, entered his house and murdered all those they were crossed in his way with knifes. An armed Pizarro faced his victims. He received an injury, but he continued fighting until he received an injury to the throat and was then struck with a forceful object in the head.
He was born in Castuera's villa, in the Serena of Extremadura, in 1497 . He descended from a noble family, many of his ancestors had a military career. His father was Pedro Oncas de Melo and his mother was Isabel Gutiérrez de Valdivia. He initiated his military career as soldier around 1520, serving the emperor Carlos V in Italy. He journeyed to America in 1535 in Jerónimo de Ortal's expedition and he went to Cubagua's island, where he took part in the conquest of Venezuela with his friend Juan Fernádez de Alderete. In 1538, he travelled on to Peru and enlisted in the forces of Francisco Pizarro. With eleven soldiers and a thousand Indians he headed toward Chili, which was considered a damned land. He died On December 25 in 1553, after three days of atrocious torture as a result of his capture by the Mapuche in Tucapel's battle.
He was born in Trujillo (Caceres) around the year 1511. He is related to the brothers Pizarro and initiated his gait for American lands early. In 1527, he came across the Nicaraguan lands. In 1533, he went on to Peru and took part in the foundation of Old Port, where he lost an eye fighting against the Manabies Indians. 